A | Beverages marketed as toddler "formula" are unnecessary and some have questionable marketing practices, according to a new report from the American Academy of Pediatrics.In recent years, the popularity of these formulas — referred to as Older Infant and Young Child Formulas (OIYCFs) — has risen significantly, according to research published in the journal Public Health Nutrition. The study found sales went up by 158% between 2006 and 2015. However, experts say there are several concerns surrounding their usage."Many parents mistakenly believe that OIYCFs offer something more, something unique that cow milk together with a varied diet with fortified foods can't provide," Dr. George Fuchs, professor of pediatrics and epidemiology at the University of Kentucky and lead author on the new AAP report, told ABC News. "This misconception can be largely attributed to the advertising and branding of these products."The AAP recommends babies drink infant formula or breastmilk until they are 12 months old and then transition to cow's milk in addition to solid foods, which are typically introduced at about 6 months.Toddler "formula" is sometimes marketed as a "transitional" or "weaning" formula for infants who are 0 -12 months old, according to the new report. But unlike infant formula, which must meet certain FDA guidelines for nutritional content, there are no standard nutritional requirements for toddler "formula," the report says."Toddler formula is unnecessary for the vast majority of toddlers and its nutritional value is inferior to that of whole cow's milk, especially when accounting for the additional sugar content of toddler formula," Dr. Keyana Washington, a pediatrician with Gwinnett Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine in Georgia, who was not involved with the report, told ABC News.There are misconceptions about the drinks, according to Dr. Nagela Sainté-Thomas, a pediatric emergency medicine specialist from El Paso, Texas."One reason for their popularity is parents and caregivers believe these drinks provide nutrients similar to solid foods and if they have significant challenges integrating solids into their toddler's diet, they can easily utilize this 'nutritional' substitution," Sainté-Thomas, who was not involved in the AAP report, told ABC News.In 1986, The World Health Assembly had already identified special formulas for older infants as unnecessary. Many global health organizations -- including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and UNICEF, in addition to WHO -- emphasize that a combination of breast milk, whole cow's milk, water, and appropriate solid foods is nutritionally sufficient for most toddlers.Toddler "formulas" are not necessarily dangerous or bad for children, the AAP said in its report. They can be part of a balanced diet for babies 12 months and older, but are not better than cow's milk, the report said.But some companies making OIYCFs imply that their products add an important part of a toddler diet, even though that's not the case, according to the new AAP report.OIYCFs often appear very similar to infant formulas, according to the AAP report, which may cause confusion among parents and caregivers. Some companies use similar names, colors, designs, and even slogans for their OIYCFs and infant formulas, the report found.The pediatricians ABC News spoke with say parents and caregivers should make sure toddlers have a varied diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, proteins, dairy, water, and either breast milk, infant formula, or whole cow's milk.Parents and caregivers should talk to their pediatricians about the role OIYCFs might play in their child's diet."The decision to deviate from the recommendation to give whole cow's milk starting at age 12 months is one that parents should make in consultation with their pediatrician," Washington said.Daniel A. Carnegie, MD, MPH, MBA is a preventive medicine resident at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a member of the ABC News Medical Unit.。 8月4日晚7点，位于北京市海淀区AI原点社区的原点学堂，一堂关于“AI时代，内容如何被记住、被保存、被转发”的夜校课程准时开始。原本按照30人规模准备的课堂，来了60多名学员，还有人专程从天津赶来。
B | 座位很快坐满，工作人员只得临时搬来椅子。 一张张大方桌旁，八九个人围坐在一起。
C | 有人听老师讲解，有人打开电脑现场操作，有人不时与身边的同行交流。这里没有传统课堂的拘谨，大家边学边做、边做边聊。来到这里的，有企业员工、创业者，也有正在寻找创业方向的年轻人。他们利用下班后的时间来到社区，给自己“充电”。 已经参加过几次AI夜校学习的林洁，就是其中一员。林洁是“灵楠阁”品牌主理人，曾有大厂工作经历，如今创办一家年轻的金丝楠品牌，专注新中式首饰和中式礼品，办公地点就在AI原点社区4楼。这一次，她来学习AI视频制作，是希望借助AI带来的新思维和新工具，让金丝楠木等传统文化元素以更贴近当代生活的方式进入年轻人的视野。 “无论是做品牌内容，还是进行传统营销，都需要借助AI等新手段去传播。”林洁说，自己的目标客户以年轻人为主，课程中学到的一些方法，可以帮助她更好地服务目标客户。在她看来，夜校的价值并不只是“听一堂课”。“这里的课程更有针对性，而且有面对面的交流，可以建立连接、认识有效的人脉，也可能有一些意想不到的启发。”林洁说。 在原点学堂，夜校课程内容从AI技术前沿、产品设计，到财务管理、法律法规，覆盖创业全周期所需的知识和技能。从“星期二AI自习”到科技脱口秀，再到项目路演，不同形式的活动，让这里既有课堂，也有交流和实践的空间。 参与授课的宋爽今年40岁，是优果儿视觉品牌创始人。在他看来，能够来到夜校的人，本身就具有较强的主动学习意识。
D | “很多学员其实并不是技术小白，而是来自各行各业、有一定经验的从业者。”宋爽说，原点学堂并不只是一个传授知识的课堂，更像一个“能量场”——大家在这里学习新工具，也交流各自的行业经验，在真实的工作和创业场景中寻找AI的应用方式。
E | 夜校连接的并不只是“老师”和“学生”，也连接着技术、需求、项目和人。 “这里不只是传授知识，更重要的是应用落地、资源互换、商机共创。”25岁的李嘉赫是一名年轻创业者。此前，他曾参与过多项大型央国企数字化升级项目。如今，他正为下一阶段创业积累经验。“创业以后，时间非常紧张，所以想抓紧时间学习。”李嘉赫说，一人公司需要渠道去宣传自己。目前还处于寻找项目阶段的他，希望通过自己的技术能力解决更多工作和生活中的实际问题。 AI原点社区是北京市海淀区打造的人工智能创新街区核心区域。
F | 周边高校和科研机构密集，聚集着大量科技人才和创新资源，目前已有300余家AI企业入驻。从创业指导、人才服务到投融资服务，社区为AI创业企业提供全生命周期服务。同时，AI原点社区还是北京市首批大模型生态服务站之一，围绕政策、资金、算力、人才等企业发展需求提供服务。 在这样的创新街区里，为什么还要专门办一个“夜校”？“这里不仅是企业孵化器，更是一个开放共享的创新社区。”原点社区品牌总监韩雅奇说。在她看来，AI原点社区最重要的价值不是提供办公空间，而是构建起一个让创新要素自由流动的生态系统。这也决定了夜校的课程并不是固定不变的“知识清单”。
G | “一方面，原点学堂通过系统性培训，帮助AI创业公司创始人建立商业化思维，推动他们从技术负责人向CEO转变；另一方面，作为人工智能应用学院，学堂也希望让更多普通人学会使用AI工具，提高工作效率，寻找新的职业可能。”韩雅奇说，除了常规夜校课程，原点学堂还针对职场人士推出办公效率提升训练营，面向传统企业家开展AI时代商业破局等课程。 宋爽认为，与传统培训不同，AI夜校面对的是一个变化很快、需求也更加多元的领域。有人希望提高办公效率，有人希望用AI做内容、拓展业务，有人希望寻找创业机会，也有人希望借助AI寻找“第二职业”。课程是入口，人与人的交流是延伸，项目和资源的连接则可能发生在课堂之外。 AI夜校的火热，折射出AI加速进入各行各业后，人才需求正在发生的变化。北京市经济和信息化局局长姜广智表示，根据相关调研，北京市AI相关岗位需求三年累计增加3.55倍。据悉，AI原点社区已纳入北京市首批人工智能创新街区。目前，北京正打造以海淀为核心的“一核多点”布局，力争未来两年使各创新街区成为北京人工智能发展的核心引擎、全国人工智能创新地标。（记者 杨学聪 韩秉志）。
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